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Management Information System (MIS)
MBO - Management by objective
Change Management
Purpose of Change management
Change Management objectives
Key concepts
Disaster Management
       Two type of disaster
                Matural disaster-eg-storm, earthqua
                           Earthquake Management
                           Tsunami
                           Flood
                           Disaster Example
                Manmade disaster
Disaster Management has Following Phases
            Disaster phases
            Response
            Recovery
            Mitigation
            Development Phase
            Preparedness
            Prevention
Crisis Management
                                                                                                                                                                       

        Management Information System (MIS)         

 MBO (Management By Objective), Disaster Management, Crisis Management, Change management. 



 Management Information System can be defined as a collection of data processing equipment. procedures, software and people that integrates the sub-systems of the organisation and provides information for decision making on planning and control  operations. In In other words, management Information system is an integrated user- machine system that monitors, and retrieves data from the environment, captures data from fransactions and operations within the form, filters, organises and select data and presents them provides the means for manages to generate information as desired. In simple  terms management information system is any organised approach for abtaining relevant and timely information in which to base management decisions. 

 The scope and purpose of  Management Information system can be better understood if we examine each word in the term. Firstly management comprises the activities of managers and Management Information system in necessary to facilitate the decisions, managers have to take. Further, management  has become system oriented and more sophisticated in management techniques. Secondly information (as distinguished from date)  is the essential raw material for making decisions. The job of management information system is to turn data into information. Information is planned for and made available to managers as needed. Thirdly, organisation is a system with a high degree of synergism. A system of information ties planning and control by managers to operational systems of implementation. 

 A management information system (MIS) is a computerized database of f inancial information organized and programmed in such a way that in produces regular reports on operations for every level of management in a company. It is usually also possible to obtain special reports from the the system easily. 

 The main purpose of the MIS is to give managers feedback about their own performance, top management can monitor the company as a whole. Information displayed by the MIS typically shows  "actual" data over against "planned" results and results from a year before, thus it measure against goals. 

 The Mis receives data from company units and functions. Some of the data are collected automatically from computer - linked check-out counters, others are keyed in at periodic intervals. Routine reports are pre - programmed and run at intervals or an demand while others are obtained using built. in querry languages; display functions built into the system are used by managers to check on status at desk-side computers connected to the MIS by networks. Many sophisticated system also monitor and display the  performance of the company's stock.  




  MBO - Management by objective                                                       


 The term "Management by objectives" was f irst popularized by Peter Drucker in his 1954 book" The Practice of Management".  

Management by objective (MBO) is a process of agreeing upon objectives within an organization so that management and employees agree to the objectives and understand what they are in the organization.  

Core concepts according to Drucker managers should "avoid the activity trap" gething so involved in theirs day to day activities that they forget their main purpose on objective. Instead of just a few top managers, all managers should participate in the strategic planning process. in order to improve the implement ability of the plan, and Implement a range of performance systemes, designed to help the organization stay on the right track. 

 Management by objectives (MBO) can be defined as a process whereby the employees and the superiors come together to identify common goals, the employees set their goals to be achieved. the standards to be taken as the criteria for measurement of their performance and contribution and deciding the course of action to be followed. 

 Management by objectives principles : Cascading of organizational vision, goals and objectives: Specific objectives for each member; participative decision Making : Explicit time period; performance evaluation and feedback. 

 MBO Strategy: Three basic parts all individuals within an organization are assigned a special set of objectives that they try to reach during a normal operating period. These objectives are mutually set and agreed upon by individuals and their managers; performance reviews are conducted periodically to determine how close individuals are to attaining their objectives: Rewards are given to individual on the basis of how close they come to reaching their goals. 




  Change Management                                                                         


Change management is the discipline that guides how we prepare and support individuals to  successful adopt change in order to drive organizational success and outcome. 

 Change management help to move individuals from their own current states to their own future states. 

 Managing Resistance to Change 

 • Education and communication. 

 • Participation and involvement. 

 • Empathy and support. 

 • Negotiation  

• Incentive. 

 • Manipulation and comportation. 

 • Create a feedback and improvement loop. 

 • Identify non-supporter and involve them in key role. 

 • Create win-win situations. 

 Change management = Minimize the Impact of change 




  Purpose of Change management                                                       


 • Control the lifecycle of all changes; and 

 • help in implementing beneficial changes with minimum disruption to IT services. 




 Change Management objectives                                                         


 • Study the adverse impact of change and minimize it. 

 • Create and maintain a change management process. 

 • Prevent unauthorized changes. 

 • Prepare change (and Back out) plans via FSC and provide PSA. 

 • Post implementation reviews of charges. 

 • Maintain a record of all change. 




 Key concepts                                                                                         


• Scope of change management. 

 • Change types, RFC, change classification and prioritization, change models.

• CAB, ECAB, FSA, PSA, Back out plans. 




 Disaster Management                                                                          


• Disaster management deals with management of resource and information  towards a disastrous event like earthquake, tounamis, volcanic, eruptions, landslides, floods etc. 

 • These disastrous results in injury, diseases, homelessness etc. 

 Disaster can be defind as disaster is a crisis situation that for exceeds the capabilities. 

 An event natural or non-made, sudden or progressive which has negative impact on living and non-living things, 

  Two type of disaster   


i. Matural disaster-eg-storm, earthqua 

 ii. Manmade disaster 


  i. Matural disaster-eg-storm, earthqua


   Earthquake Management   


 • Devlopment of warning indicators and technology. 

 • Promote new technology for building design transportation etc. 

 • Public awareness and education programme. 



   Tsunami   


 • Government should bring cement laws for building construction near seashores. 

 • Land regulation programs should be conducted time to time at time. 

 • Public awareness and education program. 




  Flood   


 • Flood can be controlled by using check dams and walls. 

 • Can be controlled by proper information forecasting 

 • Rescue boats, lifejackets rescue tubes should be there. 




  Disaster Example   


 • Culcutta cyclone (1737) 

 • Uttarakhand flood (2013)  

• Bhopal gas tragedy (1984). 




 ii. Manmade disaster  


 • Social change by industrialization, globalization and the concept of smart city is trending which results in loss to environment. 

 • Increasing transportation is also a big issue in a government and threat to millions. 

 • Around 40%. of population worldwide is facing chemical and nuclear ways. 




 Disaster Management has Following Phases                                    


i. Disaster phases 


 • Starting phases of disaster event. 

 • Some disaster are slow onset disasters such as global warming that cannot be predicted but there are some disaster that can be predicted to reduce the loss of human life, loss of property, loss of economy etc. 

 • Also called warning phase. 


 ii. Response   


 • It stands for quick action just after disaster. 

 • Also called emergency phase. 

 • Usually military take disaster response. 



 iii. Recovery 


 • Recovery is the process of re-establishing area which is badly affected by disaster. 

 • Following phases in recovery occurs -  Restoring Reconstruction Redevelopment 



 iv. Mitigation 


The term mitigation implies that some disaster effects can be prevented when appropriate action is taken into account. 



 v. Development Phase 


it deals with reconstruction of affected site. 


 vi. Preparedness 


It is usually regarded as the state of being ready or prepared for the use or action  


  vii. Prevention 


Prevention is the action of controlling the occurance of something that has harmful effect on communities.








   Crisis Management                                                                            


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                                                                     Question                                                           

1. What is the meaning of MBO? 
A. Manage through the objectives                    B. Manage through the performance 
C. Manage through the processes                     D. Manage through the functions
Ans: 

2. What is the full form of MBO? 
A. Modern Budget Operation                  B. Modern Bibliographic Organisation 
C. Management by Objectives                 D. Management by Organisation
Ans: 

3. Who first propounded the concept of MBO? 
A. Henry Fayol              B. E. Mayo 
C. P. Drucker                  D. L. Brandis
Ans: 

4. What is called the systematic gathering, recording and analysing of data about problems relating to marketing of goods and services? 
A. Marketing technique              B. Marketing limitations 
C. Marketing sales                      D. Marketing analysis
Ans: 

5.