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 Research Methods : Historical, Descriptive,            Experimental and Delphi                                      













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                                                                     Question                                                           

1. Search for the information for research normally starts with 
A. Tertiary sources                   B. Documentary sources 
C. Secondary sources               D. Primary sources
Ans: 

2. Empirical research is 
A. Which gives same result at every place                   B. It is type of fundamental research 
C. A process of research                                               D. None of the above
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3. Verifiability is one of the important elements of which method of research? 
A. Scientific method                  B. Social method 
C. Historical method                  D. Survey method
Ans: 

4. Which is the principal method of research in social science? 
A. Historical method                     B. Descriptive method 
C. Scientific method                      D. Social science method
Ans: 

5. What is the first step in the methodology of research? 
A. Solution to the problem                   B. Collection of the data 
C. Analysis of data                               D. Formulation & identification of the problem
Ans: 

6. Which one is second step in research methods? 
A. Formulation of the hypothesis             B. Formulation of the problem 
C. Collection of data                                 D. Analysis of data
Ans:

7. Historical method of research can be applied 
A. Only in history              B. Only in literary history 
C. In all subjects                D. In science subjects
Ans: 

8. What do you know about descriptive research? 
A. Is a typical interpretation & analysis of data        B. Is a common collection of data 
C. Is a random selection of data                                D. None of the above
Ans: 

9. Internal and external criticism are the important elements of which method of research? 
A. Scientific method                  B. Historical method 
C. Descriptive method               D. Comparative method
Ans: 

10. In which discipline, the descriptive method is extensively used? 
A. In sciences only                               B. Biological sciences 
C. Physical and natural sciences          D. Social sciences
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11. Experimental method of research is the same as 
A. Statistical method             B. Scientific method 
C. Historical method             D. Descriptive method
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12. Who said that Survey Research is nothing but a type of descriptive research only? 
A. F. W. Best                  B. Lancaster 
C. Ranganathan             D. J.K. Khanna
Ans: 

13. Controlled group is a term which is used in 
A. Survey research                        B. Historical research 
C. Experimental research              D. Descriptive research
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14. Cranfield research project is an example of 
A. Survey Research                    B. Historical Research 
C. Experimental Research         D. Observation Research
Ans: 

15. In which method of research, documents are treated as primary sources? 
A. Descriptive research                   B. Historical research 
C. Experimental research                D. Scientific research
Ans:

16. Which type of research does not involve the use of experiments? 
A. Scientific research                  B. Descriptive research 
C. Experimental research            D. Historical research
Ans: 

17. INFROSS is an example of which type of research? 
A. Survey                        B. Experimentation 
C. Case study                  D. Observation
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18. Which one is that step of the process of research, by which the results of the same research are notified to others?
A. Hypothesis                       B. Problem’s formulation 
C. Research Report              D. Sources 
Ans: 

19. The Delphi method of research was first developed in USA to predict what? 
A. Future developments related with country 
B. Future developments in all the areas of the country 
C. Future developments in all the areas of the country 
D. Future developments in library and information sciences
Ans: 

20. In which field of library science the case study method of research cannot be used? 
A. Library Management System Analysis                B. Cost-benefit analysis 
C. Cost-effectiveness                                                D. Library Budget
Ans: 

21. What is the main aim of Delphi method of research? 
A. Refining of judgemental data               B. Addition of summarized data 
C. Analysis of collected data                     D. Collection of historical data
Ans: 

22. The method of research which one is comprised of a group of modified survey procedures, is called A. Scientific method              B. Historical method 
C. Descriptive method           D. Delphi method
Ans: 

23. Which method of research cannot be used in library and information science subject ? 
A. Historical method                    B. Survey method 
C. Scientific method                     D. Delphi method
Ans: 

24. If we apply Delphi Method of research in library and information sciences, what will be the results? A. It will solve the problems                          B. It will present a tentative solution 
C. It will help in the administration               D. It will predict future developments
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25. When was Delphi method developed? 
A. In 1997                          B. 1950s 
C. In 1962                          D. 1952
Ans: 

26. What is mean by Delphi method? 
A. It is a programming language               B. It is a computer programme 
C. It is a method of research                      D. It is a tool for research
Ans: 

27. Delphi method is primarily concerned with 
A. Data analysis                         B. Data interpretation 
C. Data collection                      D. Data recognition
Ans: 

28. What will be the benefit of applying historical method of research in the study of libraries? 
A. Limitations of the present in comparison to past are known 
B. The efficiencies of the staff are known 
C. The library provides better services 
D. It increases the collection of the library
Ans: 

29. Delphi method is related with 
A. Forecasting trends                B. Mathematics 
C. Palmistry                              D. Astronomy
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30.In which country the Delphi method for research was first developed? 
A. India                      B. France 
C. Germany               D. USA
Ans: 

31. External and Internal criticism implies in 
A. Historical Research                          B. Survey Research 
C. Experimental Research                    D. Applied Research
Ans: 

32. Assertion (A): Library Science has been called Science because it has good application of scientific tools and techniques as is applicable in natural science and physical science. 
Reason (R): Experimental method of research has good scope in library science. 
Code : 
A. Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not a correct explanation 
B. Both (A) and (R) are true 
C. (A) is false but (R) is true 
D. (A) is true but (R) is false
Ans: 

33. Assertion (A): Like other scientists, the social scientists can obtain relevant information by conducting experiments, interviewing people, observing people and reviewing relevant literature. Reason (R): Social Scientists can't be so rigorous as can be of natural scientists. 
Code : 
A. Both (A) and (R) are true 
B. Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not a correct explanation 
C. (A) is true but (R) is false 
D. Both (A) and (R) are false
Ans: 

34. Assertion (A): Research results lead to propound new laws, theories and principles. 
Reason (R): Laws, principles and theories are the result of scientific research. 
Code : 
A. Both (A) and (R) are true 
B. Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not a correct explanation 
C. (A) is false and (R) is true 
D. (A) is true and (R) is false
Ans: 

35. Gotam's book 'Nyasutra' has given the following four steps of scientific research. Arrange them in proper order. 
i. Aptavakshya (Verification/ Testing) 
ii. Upaman (Camparison) 
iii. Anuman (Inference) 
iv. Pratyaksha (Perception)
Codes : 
A. (ii) (iv) (i) (iii) 
B. (i) (iv) (ii) (iii) 
C. (iv) (ii) (iii) (i) 
D. (iv) (iii) (ii) (i)
Ans: 

36. Arrange the following steps in research in the sequence of their occurrence : 
I. Report writing                          II. Research design 
III. Collection of data                 IV. Analysis of data 
Codes : 
A. (III), (IV), (II), (I) 
B. (I), (III), (IV), (II) 
C. (II), (III), (IV), (I) 
D. (IV), (II), (III), (I)
Ans: 

37. Assertion (A): Like social scientists, the natural scientists can also collect data by conducting experiments, interviewing/observing people and reviewing literature. 
Reason (R): Social scientists cannot be as objective as can be natural scientists. 
Codes : 
A. (A) is true, but (R) is false 
B. (A) is false, but (R) is true 
C. Both (A) and (R) are true 
D. Both (A) and (R) are false
Ans: 

38. Arrange the following in a logical sequence : 
i. Formulation of a hypothesis                ii. Data analysis 
iii. Selection of sample                           iv. Report writing 
Codes : 
A. (i), (ii), (iii), (iv) 
B. (iv), (ii), (i), (iii) 
C. (ii), (i), (iv), (iii) 
D. (i), (iii), (ii), (iv)
Ans: 

39. Experimental research is generally oriented towards 
A. Past                     B. Present 
C. Future                 D. Past and Present
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40. Assertion (A): Historical research cannot be regarded scientific as it lacks replication and reliability. Reason (R): Historical research is truly scientific as it is based on criticism. 
Codes : 
A. Both (A) and (R) are true
B. (A) is true, but (R) is false 
C. (A) is false but (R) is true 
D. Both (A) and (R) are false
Ans: 

41. Assertion (A): All research results lead to propounding of new laws, theories and principles. Reason (R): Laws, Principles and Theories are the result of Scientific Research. 
Codes : 
A. Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A) 
B. Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A) 
C. (A) is false but (R) is true 
D. Both (A) and (R) are false
Ans: 

42. Which of the following is not related to case study approach in a research design? 
A. Indepth Study              B. Study of one/limited cases 
C. General study              D. Little concern about generalisation to a large population
Ans

43. The stages in research process are : 
1. Theory            2. Axiom 
3. Law                4. Hypothesis 
A. 1, 2, 3 and 4 are correct 
B. 4, 1, 3 and 2 are correct 
C. 2, 3, 4 and 1 are correct 
D. 3, 1, 4 and 2 are correct
Ans: 

44. Match the following : 
     List – I                     List – II 
(Hypothesis)      (Characteristics) 
a. Null i. Statement of expectations 
b. Working ii. Relational (Directional) propositions 
c. Explanatory iii. No relation between variables 
d. Descriptive iv. Existence of variables 
Codes : 
      a b c d 
A. i iv ii iii 
B. iii iv ii i 
C. iii ii i iv 
D. iii i ii iv
Ans: 

45. Assertion (A): In survey research, the commonly used techniques for gathering data are questionnaire, the interview and the observational techniques. 
Reason (R): These are least effective for collecting data about perceptions, beliefs, attitudes, etc. of persons. 
Codes : 
A. (A) is true and (R) is false 
B. (A) is false and (R) is true 
C. Both (A) and (R) are true 
D. Both (A) and (R) are false
Ans: 

46.Arrange the following research steps according to the sequence of their occurrence, 
i. Formulation of hypothesis of research                 ii. Designing of data and analysis plan 
iii. Selection of data gathering method                   iv. Report writing 
Codes : 
A. (iii), (ii), (i), (iv) 
B. (i), (iii), (ii), (iv) 
C. (iii), (i), (iv), (ii) 
D. (ii), (iv), (i), (iii)
Ans: 

47. Assertion (A): Historical, Descriptive and Experimental Methods are scientific methods. 
Reason (R): A scientific method is one that adopts a logical and systematic procedure. 
A. (A) is true but (R) is false 
B. Both (A) and (R) are true 
C. (A) is false but (R) is true 
D. Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation
Ans: 

48. A candidate should do before finalising a topic of research is/are 
i. the topic selected is relevant to the society. 
ii. it is likely to add to the existing stock of knowledge 
iii. the topic should be innovative at least in part if not as whole 
Code : 
A. Only (i) and (ii) 
B. Only (i) and (iii) 
C. Only (ii) and (iii) 
D. All of the above
Ans: 

49. Which is not a component of a Research plan? 
A. Title, Problem, Area and Scope of the study 
B. Hypothesis, Concepts, Methodology, Data collection 
C. Analysis, Interpretation, Report and Bibliography 
D. Zero-base planning, Hyperaction and Finance
Ans: 

50. Case study method is an important technique in Library & Information Science research because it i. i. intensive in nature 
ii. helps in formulate hypothesis 
iii. is very comprehensive and of immense value in making questionnaires & schedules.
Code : 
A. Only (i) and (ii) 
B. Only (i) and (iii) 
C. Only (ii) and (iii) 
D. All of the above
Ans: 

51. ‘Cranfield Studies’ are an example of 
A. Survey Research              B. Experimental Research 
C. Historical Research         D. Case Study
Ans: 

52.