My Content

Catalogue

Purpose of Library Catalogue

Objectives of Library Catalogue

Function of Library Catalogue

Physical forms of Library Catalogue

      Conventional Form

              Card Form

              Register or Book form

              Sheaf Form

      Non-Conventional

              Microform Catalogue

              Machine Readable Catalogue

              OPAC (Online Public Access Catalogue)

                          Alphabetical Catalogue (5 types)

                                      Author Catalogue

                                      Name Catalogue

                                      Alphabetical Subject Catalogue

                                      Title Catalogue

                                      Dictionary Catalogue

                          Classified Catalogue
                          Alphabetic- Classed Catalogue

Library Catalogue Vs Bibliography

Library Catalogue VS Shelf List

Catalogue vs Index

Development of Catalogue Codes

         British Museum Catalogue / Panizzi's code (1841)

         Charles C. Jewett Code (1852)

         Cutter's Rules for a Dictionary Catalogue(1876)

         Prussian Instruction (1899)

         Dziatzka Code (1886)

         AA Code : 1908

         Vatican Code (1927)

         Classified Catalogue Code (CCC)

         ALA Rules (1949)

         The Paris Principles (ICCP) 1961

         AACR I ( 1967)

         International Meeking of Cataloguing Experts (IMCE), 1969

         International Standard Bibliographic Description (ISBD)

         AACR-II (1978)

         Resource Description and Access (RDA) 2010

                Organization of RDA

          

AACR - I (1967)

       The salient features of AACR - I

       Structure of AACR - I

AACR - 2 (1978)

       Options

       Structure of AACR-2

AACR-2, 1988 (Revision)

           Structure of the Rules 1988 Revision

          Comments

Classified Catalogue Code (CCC) 1934

          Successive Editions

          Structure of CCC

          Features of CCC

          Comments

ISBN

                                                                                                                                                                       

 Knowledge Organisation : Cataloguing -  Cannons and Principle;   Centralized and Co-operative Catalogue: Library Cataloguing          Codes: CCC and AACR-II                                                                 

The word "Catalogue" is derived from the Greek words "Katalogos", which means a list of something.

 A library catalogue is a list of books as well as other reading materials available in any particular library. It enables the user to find out what document is present and where this document may be available in the library. According to C.A. Cutter, a library catalogue is a list of books which is arranged on some define plan. As distinguished from a bibliography it is a list of books in some library collections. 

 * Size of Cataloguing Card =12.5cm x 7.5 cm                                                   

                                              = 5"x3" inch   Standard Size 

  Purpose of Library Catalogue                                                            

 Libraries acquire a wide variety of document on different subjects and in different formats. But there documents are located in different areas of the library as per their concerned subject areas, type of collections and most appropriate forms of storage. In view of these reasons, a library prepares a public records in the form of catalogue of all the documents in order to give the users an idea of the entire collection possessed by it. Library catalogue allows the user to know the availability or unavailability of a particular document in the library. The information provided in the catalogue allows the user in identifying and locating particular items in the collection to select relevant items for specific purposes.

  Objectives of Library Catalogue                                                        

 First time, the basic objectives of library catalogue were broadly described by 'Charls Ammi Cartter' in 1878. The objectives of library catalogue are : 

 i. To enable person to find a book of which either the 

 a. Author, or 

 b. Title, or 

 c. Subject is known 

 ii. To show what the library has 

 a. By a given authors 

 b. On a given subject and 

 c. In a given kind of literature. 

 iii. To assist in the choice of a book 

 a. As to its edition and 

 b. As to its character. 

 Function of Library Catalogue                                                           

One of the essential functions of the library is to provide the document to a user which he/she requires and it is the catalogue, in whatever form it is available, catalogue performs this function. According to Ranganathan,  the function of the catalogue is "to help the exploitation of resources of the library in conformity with the laws of library science." Shera and Egan stated that basically there are two functions of the catalogues: Accurate and speedy determination of whether or not an item known by author or title  is in the collection and if so where it may be found. 

  Physical forms of Library Catalogue                                                 

The main two types of physical form of catalogue first conventional and second is non-conventional. 

  i. Conventional Form  

  a. Card Form  

 This is the popular form of catalogue adopted all over the world during 1950s. In this form 12.5×7.5 cm or 5"X3" size card are used for catalogue. In there card items of information required for publication, pages and call number of the book are written. The card catalogue was first introduced in 1743 in France by Abbi Rosier at the 'Bibliotheque Nationale. 

 b. Register or Book form 

 The catalogue in which catalogue entries are hand-written on printed and bound into a volume is known as register on book catalogue. Many big libraries  before the adoption of open access, were publishing their catalogues and were supplementing  by additions for keeping them upto date. In united states first book catalogue is Harvard catalogue which was published in 1723. Yale catalogue was brought out in 1745. Other examples are of British Museum, Glasgow and Liverpool Catalogue and of National library Calcutta Catalogue. 

   c. Sheaf Form   

 Mast usual form of sheaf catalogue is adjustable sheaf catalogue. which consists of sheets of tough paper notched at left edge and protected by means of boards put at the front and back. A catalogue formed by sheets, slips, or cards fastened in a binder that permits the insertion or new material. Ships are usually of 6"x4" size notched at the left hand side. Its first use was made by the University Library, Holland in 1876. J. D. Brown invented in 1892 adjustable sheaf catalogue. The modern form was invented by Arthur Lambert. 

  ii. Non-Conventional   

  a. Microform Catalogue   

 A microform catalogue contains cataloguing record in micro image and requires the use of a microform reader for viewing and catalogue records are greatly reduced in this form of catalogue. In this form of catalogues entries are reduced and printed upon a film on fiche. Its limitations are that they can not be used by naked eyes, but will require microfilm reader for magnifying the image on the f ilm or fiche. However some of the advantages of microform catalogues are compactness, occupying less space, portability and accessibility to users. possibility of multiple copies at the lower cost, easiness to use and maintain. 

  b.  Machine Readable Catalogue   

 The concept. of Machine Readable Catalogue heralded a new era in the libraries. The latest trend in libraries is to use computerized catalogues. Catalogues are prepared on magnetic tape or magnetic disc. Catalogue can be searched at a certain times known as off line. In on line method entries are held in computer  f iles and search can be made directly to the computer or projected on the screen at any time.

  c. OPAC (Online Public Access Catalogue)   

 According to ALA Glossary, "OPAC is a computer based and supported library catalogue (Bibliographic  database) designed to be accessed via terminals so that library user may directly and effectively search for and retrieve bibliographic records with the assistance of a human intermediary such as a specially trained member of the library staff". OPAC facilitates to search the bibliography, databases including boolean operations.  

Inner forms / Types of Library Catalogue Inner forms on Types The form which refers to various of construction and arrangement of the catalogue is known as inner or internal form. These are broadly divided into following three types: 

 i. Alphabetical Catalogue. (5 types) 

 ii. Classified Catalogue. 

 iii. Alphabetic- Classed Catalogue. 

   i. Alphabetical Catalogue  

 Alphabetical Catalogue are again of following types: 

 a. Author Catalogue

 Author Catalogue (author Catalogue, author entry in a dictionary catalogue or author index entry in a classified catalogue) is supreme in value and importance reader can approach subject or title by many ways but authors only by exact expression as authors name is indisputable thing. However alternative author approach is served by references. In author catalogue, entries are arranged alphabetically. 

 b. Name Catalogue

 Name catalogue is restricted  to author and subject catalogue arranged is one alphabetical sequence subject catalogue is restricted to sub-entries  for the names of persons according to subjects headings consisting of names of persons treated as subject. 

 c. Alphabetical Subject Catalogue  

It is the catalogue in which the headings on the-entries are made under the name of the specific subject of the book and are arranged alphabetically. This catalogue satisfy reader's approach for the subject point of view only. 

 d. Title Catalogue 

 It consists of entries for books under their title arranged alphabetically.  It is useful for oriental works i.e. Sanskrit and Pali books as authors have given distinctive names to their works. However, title catalogue in its pure form is rare now-a-days. 

 e. Dictionary Catalogue  

According to ALA Glossary of library terms dictionary catalogue is 'A Catalogue usually on cards, in which all the entries (author, title, subject series etc.) an their related references are arranged together in one general alphabet. The sub arrangement frequently varies from the strictly alphabetical. 

   ii. Classified Catalogue   

S. R. Ranganathan defines classified catalogue as a 'catalogue in which some entries are number entries and some are word entries'. Hence it is divided into two parts classified and Alphabetical  classified part of classified catalogue consists all its number entries li.e. Main Entry, cross reference entries), and Alphabetical part consists all the word entries (i.e. Book Index Entries. class Index Entries and Cross Reference Index Entries). Advocating the classified catalogue S. R. Ranganathan says that the subject approach of the readers can only be served. by classified catalogue. It spreads before readers a fall, connected, panorama of all material on his specific subject, all its subdivisions, all broader subjects of which it is itself a subdivision. 

 Advocating the classified catalogue, S. R.  Ranganathan says that the subject approach of the readers can only be served by classified catalogue. It  spreads before readers a full, connected, panorama of all material on his specific subject, all its subdivisions, all broader subjects of which it is itself a Subdivision. 

   iii. Alphabetic classed catalogue   

Cutter has defined alphabetical classed catalogue as an alphabetic subject catalogue in which the subjects are grouped in broad classes with numerous alphabetic sub-divisions. It may also include author and title entries in the same alphabet. It follows two methods of arrangement. 

 a. Mayor Subject division are arranged in a classified order and subordinate subject within major division in alphabetical order. 

 b. Mayor Subject divisions are put in alphabetical order with subordinate subjects are arranged in classified sequence. For example major divisions are mathematics, physics, engineering, chemistry, technology etc. are arranged in classified sequence and within major subject like physics its sub divisions like dynamics. Electricity,  gases, heat. light, magnetism etc. will be arranged alphabetically. Like this other method will be vice-versa to the above arrangement. 

  Library Catalogue Vs Bibliography                                                   

A bibliography is also a list of books as well as other reading materials with required biblingsophical details similar to a catalogue. Its main purpose is usually to bring to the notice of readers an exhaustive or select list of documents relevant to the pursuit of his enquiry or study. They are used for book selection, reference service, inter library loan etc. But they do not give the exact location in the library. Though both library catalogue and bibliography  are basically lists and their entries are arranged in definite order but the scope of library catalogue is limited to a particular library collection.

  Library Catalogue VS Shelf List                                                        

Shelf list is a 'record of the books in a library  arranged in the order in which they stand on the shelves'. Each title is represented by a card giving the author, title, edition number of volumes (if any), number of copies (if more than one), call number and such other items as the library deems necessary. The call number arrangers the cards in the shelf list in the same way as it arranges the books on the shelves. In the beginning, the catalogues were compiled with the inventory purpose. But now this function its shifted to shelf list and catalogue is left free to develop on its all possible approaches. However shelf list serves the purpose of classified catalogue (can reveal the total books on the specific subject), if fails to give information as other approaches are concerned. While catalogue is used by the readers, staff list is used only by the library staff. 

  Catalogue vs Index                                                                             

 Both are treated as synonymous, but both perform different functions. while catalogue discloses whole collection of a library or a particular book, where as an index reveals exact place of information he requires. The list of books by different authors is a catalogue, but the list of reference to individual subject in a book in an index. According to E. J. Coates generally accepted difference between a catalogue entry and index entry is that the former includes some descriptive specification of a document containing a subject, whereas an index entry merely locates the subject. 

   Development of Catalogue Codes                                                     

In the early stage, each library constructed its own catalogue which was most suitable for its purpose. Bibliographic records were presented in the forms and styles that varied from library to library. It lacked a system. According to Dr. S. R. Ranganathon library catalogue is an ancient library tool. But catalogue code of a rigorious kind is of recent origin. It first attained rigour in stray local codes i.e. in individual libraries. Now it is attaining rigour in national coders. An international code is yet to be established. 

 i. British Museum Catalogue / Panizzi's code (1841) 

 British Museum Catalogue was considered to be the first major cataloguing code and developed in 1841, it influenced the cataloguing practice of many libraries. It was also known as panizzi's code. It reflected the function of catalogues as inventory list and finding list. This code had provision only for author entry. The arrangement was alphabetically  in which only main entry would contain fairly bibliographical details with shorter "added entries" after being prepared in the form of simple cross referencers. 

   ii. Charles C. Jewett Code (1852)  

 Professon Charles C. Jewett, an American, was greatly influenced Panizzi's code and published a code of 39 rulers named Charles Jecret's Rulers in 1852, based on Panizzi's Code. These rules were modeled after Panizzi's rules and issued under the title smithsonian Report on the construction of catalogues of libraries and. their publications by means of separate stereotyped titles, with rules andexamples. 

   iii. Cutter's Rules for a Dictionary Catalogue(1876)   

 Another landmark was the publication of Cutter's Rules for a Dictionary Catalogue in 1876 containing 205 rules. This has been regarded as epoch-making year in the history  of cataloguing. The latest 4th edition was published in 1904 from Washington. This edition contains 369 rules. Dr. S. R. Ranganathan  has remarked his as genius and his work rules for a Dictionary Catalogue as classic and immortal. 

  iv. Prussian Instruction (1899)   

 A significant contribution to cataloguing rules, after cutter is found in prussian instructions. Prussian instruction may be taken to be the second important code of a non local nature. It was designed originally for compiling a union catalogue of the them German State Libraries. 

   v. Dziatzka Code (1886)   

 In 1886 Prof. K. Dziatzka, a German librarian published his code which was translated into English by an American librarian K.A. Linderfelt and published in 1890. 

   vi. AA Code : 1908    

American Library Association and British Library Association jointly prepared AA code in 1908 to secure greater uniformity in catalogue rules. The American library Association (1876) and British Library Association (1877) issued independent set of rulers in 1878 and 1883 respectively. Both decided to issue a combined code to secure greater uniformity in cataloguing between english speaking areas. It was issued in 1908. This was the first attempt to achieve international co-operation in the field of catalogue. 

  vii. Vatican Code (1927)   

 In 1927, the Vatican Library was offered aid by the carnegie endowment for international  peace to compile a new catalogue for its collection and a team of American librarians consisting J. C. M Hanson and W. W. Bishop compiled a catalogue. The Vatican Library Published a code of rules in 1931. 

   viii. Classified Catalogue Code (CCC)   

 S. R. Ranganathan designed Classified Catalogue Code (CCC) and the first edition alas published in 1934 is a unique contribution of Dr. S. R. Ranganathan from India which can be claimed as universal code. It is the first code complete in every respect for a classified catalogue. It appeared in fire editions and the last (5th ed.) come in 1964. The subject approach has been recognized as dominant one in ccc. The fifth edition of this catalogue code appeared with additional ruler for dictionary catalogue in 1964. 

   ix. ALA Rules (1949)  

 Between 1936 and 1939 both Library Association (LA and ALA) cooperated in preparation for a new joint code, as AA code was not fulfilling the requirements.  But due to outbreak of war, British participation was discontinued. The ALA proceeded independently and published ALA Rules in 1949. 

   x. The Paris Principles (ICCP) 1961   

 The international conference on cataloguing principles (ICCP), Paris, 1961 is considered to be an important milestone in the history of descriptive cataloging. The conference has had a great impact on the development of current cataloguing codes, which brought international agreement on the principles of cataloguing.  The paris conference had been considered to be one of the most effective attempts in the direction of Universal Bibliographic Control (UBC) and international  standardization in cataloguing. 

   xi. AACR I ( 1967)   

 New code, Anglo-American Calaleguing Rules-I (AACR-1), appeared in 1967. It was on the basis of the paris principles (The International Conference on cataloging principles held at paris in october 1961) and published in two editions - British and North American. In AACR, there were again some variations between the British and the American texts. Library of Congress 1949 was used as the basis for the description of monographs. serials and non-book. material. The logical arrangement and its emphasis on the conditions of authorship rather than on the types of works were considered as a great improvement over the previous ones. 

   xii. International Meeking of Cataloguing Experts (IMCE), 1969   

 The International Federation of Library. Associations and Institutions (IFLA), in order to develop a generally accepted standard  for the international exchange of bibliographic  information whether in manual or machineredable form, convened an "International  Meeting of Catalogue Experts". in copenhagen in 1969. 

   xiii. International Standard Bibliographic Description (ISBD)   

The next step towards international agreement after the paris conference was taken at the international meeting of cataloguing expert (IMCE) held in Copenhagen  in 1969. As a result of this meeting, International Standard Bibliographic  Description (ISBD) was formulated and issued in 1971. In 1975, the General International Standard Bibliographic Decription (ISBD (G)) was developed. The primary aim of this code was to prescribe the order of bibliographic elements and punctuation marks on a record so that uniformity could be maintained in the cataloguing.

   xiv. AACR-II (1978)   

 Keeping in view the ISBDs, the appropriate time come for an overhaul of the Anglo-American Cataloguing Code. It is prepared by ALA, The British Library, The Canadian Library Association, the Library Association (UK) and the Library of Congress and is edited by Michael Gorman and Paul W. Winker. A joint steeping committee for the Revision of AACR was formed to redraft the AACR provision for bibliographic description to promote international standard. As a result, the AACR-2 was published in 1978. The ISBD (G) was incorporated into AACR-2 as the general  framework for bibliographic description. It contains rules applicable to all types of materials. In course of application of AACR-2 (1978), new developments took place in new forms of reading material. Although this code resolved the problems of authorship more satisfactorily. The rules were found inadequate to accommodate new media. Therefore, the revision was made and revised code was named as AACR-2R, 1908. 

 The revision in AACR are continued. The amendments are made in 1998 and 2001 in chapter 3, 9 and 12 and the changes were made to amend the rules for cartographic materials, electronic  resources and serials which were approved by joint steering committee in 2001. Finally in 2002, revision of AACR-2 appeared and incorporated the aforesaid amendments. Now, new joint steering committee for revision of AACR is Joint steering committee for Development of Resource Description and Access (RDA). It is working on new code. 

   xv. Resource Description and Access (RDA) 2010   

 Resource Description and Access is the new descriptive cataloguing standard that will replace AACR-2. RDA is a new standard for creating bibliographic metadata. It builds on the Anglo-American-cataloguing Rules (AACR) and also based on more modern approaches, including the model developed in FRBR published in 1998. Two international bodies are responsible for the development  of RDA - The joint steering committee for the development of RDA (JSC) The Committee of Principles (CoP). 

 Organization of RDA 

 Resource Description and Access is the new descriptive cataloguing standard that will replace AACR-2, one big change from AACR-2 to RDA is in the organisation of the instruction. Where AACR-2 was organised by type of material, RDA is organised according to the FRBR entities, RDA has sections and an introduction, as follows.

Library Cataloguing Codes: AACR-II and CCC 

 Anglo American Code.   -1949. 

 Anglo American Code-I. -1967 

 Anglo American Code-II. -1978. 

 AACR - I (1967) 

 In 1961 International Conference on Cataloguing Principles (ICCP) was held in Paris. The influence of Lubetzky is closely to be seen in ICCP principles. Lubetzky edited AACR from 1956-64. But later on due to differences of opinion on rules of institutions, he resigned and c. summer spalding completed the work from 1964-1966. The new code was published in 1967 in two edition the North American edition and the British edition. The code was prepared by the ALA, the LC, the LA and the canadian LA. Both the editions are essentially based on the same principles but with a few alternative rules for choice and rendering of headings. 

 The salient features of AACR - I are given  below: 

 1. The rules in AACR - I are based on "Statement of Principles" adopted by lCCP in 1961. These rules depart very little from the Paris Principles. 

 2. The code includes rules for author/ title main entry headings, added entry headings and references, uniform title for both title and author entry, description  and all there in relation to any type of material. The code covers books, book like and non-book materials. 

 3. Sufficient number of entries and references for documents catalogued have been prescribed to provide for meeting various approaches which can be anticipated reasonably from the users. All the entries for particular persons or corporate bodies are supposed to be given under a uniform heading or are to be related by means of references, thereby meeting the requirements  of multiple entry alphabetical catalogues. 

 Structure of AACR - I 

 AACR - I contains 15 chapters arranged in three dimensions :  

Part 1: Entry and Heading. 

 Part 2: Description. 

 Part 3: Covers entry and description of non-book material. 

 Then there are six appendices which provide a glossary of cataloguing terms, rules for capitalization, abbreviations. punctuations and diacritics, rules for entry and heading that differ in the British text.

 AACR - 2 (1978) 

 Since the publication of AACR-1 in 1967, ceptain significant developments pointed to the desirability of complete overhauling of the code. The factors which necessitated the development of AACR - 2 are as under :  

i. The formulation of international standards for the description of monography, serials and other media indicated the need to redraft the AACR provisions for bibliographic  description so that the code would facilitate the effort to promote international exchange of bibliographic data. 

 ii. Rules for non-book materials in AACR (1967) had been considered inadequate from the beginning, a situation which resulted in the proliferation of various cataloguing codes for non-book materials. 

 iii. The points of divergence between the separate North American and British text of AACR had been gradually reconciled,  leading to the prospects of a unified code. 

 iv. There had been numerous piecemeal revisions and changes in the rules since 1969 (revision of chapters 6, 12 and 14) which rendered the code rather inconvenient to use. 

 v. Increasing mechanization, the growth of centralized and cooperative bibliographic services and networks, introduction of number of new media necessitated to make a code in tune with the computer possibilities. 

 In order to respond to all these problems, changes and developments, the second edition of Anglo-American Catalogue Rules (AACR - 2) was brought out in 1978. It was prepared by the American Library Association, the British Library, the canadian committee on cataloguing, the Library Association and the library of Congress.   

AACR-2 represents a more radical break with the past practice. This is quite evident from the following objectives established at the meeting of joint steering committee for revision of AACR - I in 1974 :  

 i. To reflect developments in machine processing of bibliographic record. 

 ii. To reconcile in a single text the north American and British text, including official changes since 1967. 

 iii. To consider for inclusion of amendments  and changes and work currently in progress, with attention paid to international interests. 

 iv. To maintain general conformity with the Paris Principles of 1961, and the ISBD as a basis for the bibliographic description of all types of material. 

 Options 

 AACR-2 contains a number of options indicated  by "optional addition", "Alternative rules" or "Optionally". These allow individual  libraries or cataloguing agencies to make decisions based on individual considerations in cases where more than one provisions are equally valid. 

 Structure of AACR-2  

AACR-2 consists of two parts. Part I covers rules for a standard description of all kinds of library material. This part is closely based on International Standard Bibliographic Description (ISBD) for general materials and those for special types of material. part-II deals with the determination and establishment  of headings, or access points  in the catalogue, under which the descriptive information is to be presented to catalogue users and with the making of references to those headings. This part contain rules for choice of main and added entries (chapter 21), form of headings and uniform titles (chapter 22-25) cord references (Chapter 26). 

 The above division is based on ISBD approach. ISBDs made a distinction between bibliographic description and access points. AACR-2 has taken into consideration,  the present day requirements. It is based on the assumption that bibliographic records are meant to be put to multiple uses. In the application of rules of AACR-2, first of all a cataloguer is expected to establish in a standard form a set of descriptive data relating to physical object being catalogued at a particular time. Next he is supposed to provide name and title access points by means of headings and uniform tittes to enable the user of a catalogue to find standard description of the concerned physical objects. 

 AACR-2, 1988 (Revision)  

The implementation of AACR-2 disclosed certain inconsistencies in the rules. This led to further classification and modification in the rules. As a result, Joint Steering Committee (JSCA) was constituted by the Library of Congress, ALA, LA, Canadian LA and Australian LA to take further steps for revision and improvements. As a result, three sets of revisions of AACR-2 comprising of Geographical Corrections, Textual amendments, and altered and additional rules were issued in 1982, 1984 and 1986. A draft revision of chapter 9 for computer files was also prepared and published in 1986 in reponse to the everchanging nature of computer files. With these changes, it was considered appropriate to issue a revised edition of AACR-2. The JSC decided to call the new edition second edition 1988 revision instead of the 'third edition' due to the fact that the rules have not been radically recast. 

The revision, therefore did not result either in the change of basic concept, principles or structure. The changes in AACR, 1988 revision include revisions of rules approved since the publication of AACR-2 (1978); incorporation of the revised chapter on computer files; revision of a number of rules regarding music; rethinking of the concept of separate bibliographic identities. the treatment of titles, authors headings. geographic names, and corporate bodies; and provisions for describing materials for the blind and otherwise visually impaired. In addition, many existing rules and examples were corrected or clarified. 

 Structure of the Rules 1988 Revision 

 The structure of the rules is same as that of AACR-2 (1978). The code is divided into two parts :  

Part - 1 : Descripting. 

 Part-2: Heading, uniform Titles and References. 

 Part 1 consists of 13 Chaptors. chapter1 gives the general rules describing all materials. Chapters 2-12 give the rules in greater detail for specific type of materials and chapter 13 gives special  rales for preparing analytical entries and multi-level description . These are as follows: 

 Chapter 1: General rules fon description. 

 Chapter 2: Books, Pamphlets and monographs 

 Chapter 3: Cartographic material. 

 Chapter 4: Manuscripts, 

 Chapter 5: Music. 

 Chapter 6: Sound recording. 

 Chapter 7: Motion Pictures and video recordings. 

 Chapter 8: Graphic materials. 

 Chapter 9: Computer files. 

 Chapter 10 : Three-dimensional artifacts and realia. 

 Chapter 11: Microforms.

Chapter 12 : Serials

Chapter 13 : Analysis 

 Part 2 consists of 6 chapters as follows :  

 Chapter 21 : Choice of access points. 

 Chapter 22 : Headings of Persons 

 Chapter 23 : Geographic names. 

 Chapter 24: Headings for corporate bodies. 

 Chapter 25: Uniform titles. 

 Chapter 26: References. 

 It also provides four appendices i.e. A. Capitalization, B. Abbreviation, c. Numerals, D. Glossary, and an Index. 

 In Both the parts, the rules  proceed from the general to the specific. In part 1 the specificity relates to the physical medium of the items being catalogued,  to the level of the detail required for each element of the description and to the analysis of an item containting separate parts. The code also has the provision for optional and alternative rules enabling the libraries to choose the appropriate option as per their requirements. 

 Comments 

 Though AACR - 2, 1988 is a big step towards the idea of international bibliographic exchange of cataloguing data and the framers of the code have tried their best to provide detailed rules for the new emerging media, yet it has not succeeded fully to take into account the advance in library automation. This is so because the rules cannot be static. These must respond to the changing needs. This means that fast developments in the field of cataloguing  due to technological advances demand that there must be continuous revision of the code to keep it responsive to the demands of the libraries. 

   Classified Catalogue Code (CCC) 1934                                            

 The classified catalogue code owes itself to the sense of revolt induced in the mind of Ranganathan while learning  cataloguing (AA code of 1908) in 1924-25 at the school of librarianship of the university college in London. He realised some drawbacks in it and was not satisfied with the prevailing cataloguing systems. After returning to India, he classified and catalogued 70,000 books single handed and thought cataloguing from 1929-38, He also spent à considerable time on forum duty in his library and observed the cataloguing approaches of the readers. He tried his best to provide a scientific basis to cataloguing procedure. The first  edition of the code appeared in 1984. It was not based on any scientific. method or canons. The first application in 1934. It was not based on any scientific method or canons. The first application of scientific method to cataloguing and catalogue code was made in 1938. Between 1934-38, some of the rules of CCC came out for critical examination from time to time both in class room discussion and in staff meeting to consider the problem books in cataloguing. At these discussions certain normative principles of cataloguing took shade. These normative principles were called canons of cataloguing which were applied to the rules of cataloguing in the successive editions. 

   Successive Editions   

 The second edition of CCC was published in 1945. It reflected symbiosis between classification and cataloguing. The method of chain procedure was evolved to derive class index entries from class number. It also incorporated rules for the style of writing, alphabetization, Gesalt theory of alphabetisation. The third edition appeared in 1951. It included rules for union catalogue of periodical publications and rules for an abstracting periodical. This edition also provided an English-Sanskrit Glossary of Cataloguing Terms to form the basis of cognate terminology in the several Indian languages. 

 1st ed. - 1934. 

 2nd ed. -1945 

 3rd ed. - 1951 

 4th ed. - 1955 

 The fourth edition came out in 1955. It implemented the layout for calalaguing  code recommended in the book "Heading and canons". It added the supplementary rules needed in the building of a national bibliography; separated the problems of the determination of the authorship of a document, the choice of heading, and its rendering, and prescribed the rules for them in independent chapters. It made some changes in the style of writing and corresponding changes in the rules for alphabetization. The necessary places in the classified catalogue code itself thus eliminating the need for a separate Dictionary Catalogue Code :  

Edition fifth which appeared in 1964 included the following new chapters and parts :  

Chapter CD : Law of Symmetry. 

 Chapter DD : Physical form. 

 Chapter DE: Centralized Cataloguing. 

 Chapter KK: Homonym in class index headings 

 Chapter KL: Feature heading. 

 Part V : Non-conventional documents. 

   Structure of CCC   

 The structure of the code is well laid. The first nine Parts (A to H and J) form the approach. Many important issues such as canons, normative principles, evolution of the catalogue, recording terminology, conflict of authorship, names of persons and rendering of names are dealt with. The next eleven parts (K to N,P to V) give the substantive rulers for cataloguing such as rules for different kinds of entries i.e. main, class index, book index, cross reference index and cross reference entries of books and periodicals, rules for compilation of union catalogues of books and periodicals; national bibliography; indexing periodical; abstracting periodical; and cataloguing of incunabula and non - book materials. The last part W contains the end matter i.e. glossary of terms; bibliographical references and index. 

   Features of CCC   

 The distinctive feautures of CCC are following :  

1. The code is based on canons and normative principles evolved by Ronganathan and perhaps is the only code in English language providing rules for constructing a classified catalogue. 

 2. It has provission of rules for compilation of union catalogue of books and periodical publications, national bibliographies, indexing and abstracting periodicals. 

 3. The chain procedure is the unige device in CCC which is a most important contribution of Dr. Ranganathan to the art of cataloguing. This is a mechanical device to device the subject headings from class number either for class index or for subject headings to be used for a dictionary catalogue. 

 4. CCC attaches much importance to the title pages and its overflow pages in order to get details to be incorporated in catalogue entries. 

 5. The code lays stress on economy. It does not allow the use of imprint and collation in the catalogue entry which are considered to be part and facet of an entry for identification  of the document. The book number contributed in accordance with colon classification of Dr. Ranganathan  indicates the years of publication of the document. Additional information to the title statement of the entry in CCC is the edition of the books. 

 6. The code is free from the restriction of language. It takes into consideration i. language of the library ii. scale of language in which the language of the library comes first and the others come in the descending sequence of favouredness. This also implies the concept of 'script of the library' and of 'favoured script'. 

 7. It is though very much indian in character but meant for union application. 

 Comments 

 Though CCC is only complete cataloguing code and is also consistent in many respects, yet it lacks in certain areas of rules for cataloguing. It lacks in providing complete bibliographical information  which sometimes causes confusion and difficulties. No rules for cataloguing of non-book materials have been provided that are essential for cataloguing purposes of such materials. I

t needs revision so as to respond to the changes that have taken place since 1964. 

  ISBN                                                                                                    

978 - 92 - 95055 - 02 - 5           Total 13 digits  

 978          EAN Prefix 

 92           Registration Group  

95055          Registrant 

 02          Publication  

5            Check Digit 

 IFLA 1970 start ISBN. 

 EAN Prefix 

 Currently this can only be either 978 or 979. It is always 3 digits in length. 

 Registration Group  

This identifies the particular country, geographical region or language area participating in the ISBN system. 

 Registrant element  

This identifies the particular publisher or imprint. 

 Publication element 

 This identifies the  particular edition and format of a specific tille. 

 Check Digit  

This is always the final single digit that mathematically validates the rest of the number.

                                                                     Notes                                                                

                                                                     Question